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Research · 24 Studies

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

We track 24 published, PubMed-indexed studies for TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4), spanning 1985 to 2026. The research below includes 16 reviews, 8 research articles.

WhatPeptidesDoUpdated Jun 2026Reviewed
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Key Takeaway

These summaries are for educational purposes. Research findings, particularly from preclinical studies, may not translate to human outcomes. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions based on this information.

16 Reviews
8 Research Articles

Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians.

Review
Mayfield CK, Bolia IK, et al.|Am J Sports Med|2026
PubMed · PMID 41476424DOI: 10.1177/03635465251357593

Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Review
Rahman OF, Lee SJ, et al.|J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev|2026
PubMed · PMID 41490200DOI: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-25-00236

Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance.

Review
Mendias CL, Awan TM|Sports Med|2026
PubMed · PMID 41966639DOI: 10.1007/s40279-026-02437-0

Thymosin beta 4 as an Alzheimer disease intervention target identified using human brain organoids.

Research Article
Zeng PM, Sun XY, et al.|Stem Cell Reports|2025
PubMed · PMID 40816274DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2025.102601

Thymosin Beta-4 Modulates Cardiac Remodeling by Regulating ROCK1 Expression in Adult Mammals.

Research Article
Maar K, Thatcher JE, et al.|Int J Mol Sci|2025
PubMed · PMID 40362372DOI: 10.3390/ijms26094131

The subcommissural organ regulates brain development via secreted peptides.

Research Article
Zhang T, Ai D, et al.|Nat Neurosci|2024
PubMed · PMID 38741020DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01639-x

Thymosin β(4) and β(10) Expression in Human Organs during Development: A Review.

Review
Faa G, Messana I, et al.|Cells|2024
PubMed · PMID 38994967DOI: 10.3390/cells13131115

Deficiency of endothelial sirtuin1 in mice stimulates skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by modifying the secretome.

Research Article
Li Q, Zhang Q, et al.|Nat Commun|2023
PubMed · PMID 37696839DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41351-1

Thymosin beta-4 denotes new directions towards developing prosperous anti-aging regenerative therapies.

Review
Bock-Marquette I, Maar K, et al.|Int Immunopharmacol|2023
PubMed · PMID 36709593DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109741

Thymosin beta 4 regulation of actin in sepsis.

Review
Belsky JB, Rivers EP, et al.|Expert Opin Biol Ther|2018
PubMed · PMID 29508629DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1448381

Thymosin beta 4 and the eye: the journey from bench to bedside.

Review
Sosne G|Expert Opin Biol Ther|2018
PubMed · PMID 30063853DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1486818

Cardioprotection by Thymosin Beta 4.

Review
Pipes GT, Yang J|Vitam Horm|2016
PubMed · PMID 27450736DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.004

Thymosin β4 Promotes Dermal Healing.

Review
Kleinman HK, Sosne G|Vitam Horm|2016
PubMed · PMID 27450738DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.005

Thymosin Beta 4 Is a Potential Regulator of Hepatic Stellate Cells.

Review
Kim J, Jung Y|Vitam Horm|2016
PubMed · PMID 27450733DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.04.011

Potential role of thymosin Beta 4 in liver fibrosis.

Review
Kim J, Jung Y|Int J Mol Sci|2015
PubMed · PMID 26006229DOI: 10.3390/ijms160510624

The role of thymosin-β4 in kidney disease.

Research Article
Vasilopoulou E, Winyard PJ, et al.|Expert Opin Biol Ther|2015
PubMed · PMID 26096077DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1009891

Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications.

Research Article
Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, et al.|Expert Opin Biol Ther|2012
PubMed · PMID 22074294DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.634793

beta-Thymosins.

Review
Hannappel E|Ann N Y Acad Sci|2007
PubMed · PMID 17468232DOI: 10.1196/annals.1415.018

The beta-thymosin enigma.

Review
Sun HQ, Yin HL|Ann N Y Acad Sci|2007
PubMed · PMID 17495248DOI: 10.1196/annals.1415.021

Thymosin beta 4 interactions.

Review
Bubb MR|Vitam Horm|2003
PubMed · PMID 12852258DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(03)01008-2

The platelet cytoskeleton.

Review
Fox JE|Thromb Haemost|1993
PubMed · PMID 8165606

Small actin-binding proteins: the beta-thymosin family.

Review
Nachmias VT|Curr Opin Cell Biol|1993
PubMed · PMID 8448031DOI: 10.1016/s0955-0674(05)80008-0

Thymosin beta 4.

Research Article
Low TL, Goldstein AL|Methods Enzymol|1985
PubMed · PMID 4088087DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(85)16018-0

Thymosin beta 4-like peptides.

Research Article
Horecker BL, Erickson-Viitanen S, et al.|Methods Enzymol|1985
PubMed · PMID 4088088DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(85)16020-9
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